Printing machine



July 1945? c. WALKER ETAL 2,379,941

PRINTING MACHINE Filed May 20, 1943 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 @@0 Q QOQQQ-Q QQQ QQ QQQQQQQQ- I Charles Zl/aZ/fer L91 1 [Vi/lard 2x Zl/aae JNVEIVTORJ.

A T Tap/vi) July 10, 1 945. c. WALKER E TAL PRINTING MACHINE Filed May 20, 194: 4.Sheets-Sheet 2 July 10, 1945. c. WALKER EIAL PRINTING MACHINE Filed May 20, 1945 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 w 8 A? m a z V N 5 N E 8 I HM m m T CW 4 M\ W w B a I u m u w.

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y 1945 c. WALKER ETAL 2,379,941

PRINTING MACHINE Filed May 20, 1943 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Char/es Walker iii/lard 1/. ll/aae IN V EN TORJ.

A T TOEA/E Yr such printing machines.

Patented July 10, 1945 i PRINTING MACHINE Charles Walker, Syracuse, N. Y andWillard H.

Wade, Washington, D 0., assignors to L. C. Smith & Corona Typewriters, Inc., Syracuse, I

I Y., a corporation of New York Application May 20, 1943, Serial No. 487,686

30 Claims.

ing machines of the kindwhe'rein thehprinting means prints at a fixed printing line andpro visions are made forimparting, between the printingmeans and the paper to be printed, relative advancing and retractingmovements longitudinally of theprinting line and also relative stepping or line spacing movementstransversely of the printing line. it 'I'ypewriting machines, and a recording calculating machines of the traveling platen carriage type, are well known examples of The improvements relate particularly to p "(01. mi-ea n a The invention relates to improvements in printverse movement in one direction with respect to the printing line betweenthe printing means and paper; an improved key-controlled combined line spacing and carriage or Supporting driving power'mechanism whereby, by onefidepressionuo'f a singleicontrol keyof said mechanism thecarriage or support is driven (preferably retrac tively) to a selectively variable position and a single tlinespacing operation is completed before thefdriving of the carriage begins; and. whereby each subsequent depression of said key while" the provisions in such machineswhere'by'the aforebetween the printing means and paper are commonly imparted by advancing and retracting longitudinally of said line a'traveling carriage or supportfor either the paper or the printing meanssProbably the most common provisionin such machines foreiiecting these relativemovements between the printing means and'paper relatively tcthe printing line is thatawherein a traveling carriage orsupporti is employed to advance and retract the paperlongitudinally of the printing linearld has mounted thereon means for line spacing the carriage-carried paper transversely of the printing line. However, other arrangements are known, for example, one well known fiat platen typewriting machine wherein the printing means is carried by a traveling carriage or support which is advanced and retracted longitudinally of the printing line and which is also given line-space effecting step movements transversely of the printing line. i The invention has for its principal objects to provide, in printing machines of the kind set forth, improved power means for imparting step line spacing relative movements in a single direction transversely of the printing line between the printing means and paper; improved power means for imparting in one direction (preferably the retracting direction) relative movement longitudinally of the printing line between the printing means and paper; improved powermeansfor concomitantly efiecting the aforesaid relative longitiidinal movement in one direction and transthe carriage is at said position will cause zsaid mechanism to :effect another line spacing opera tion; and an improved key-controlled power mechanism suchas last-above mentioned where-- in re-actuation of the control key is preventedduring driving of the carriage by said power mechanism and, preferably, also wherein reactuation of said key is prevented (after mover ment thereof to operation-initiating position) until the conclusion of the carriage driving action irrespective of the length of therespective time intervals required to complete the line spacing action and carriage drivingfaction of said mechanism. v w

Another important object of theinvention is to a provide an improved power actuated carriage returning and line spacing mechanism fortypewriting and like printing machines having a traveling platen carriage and a pawl and. ratchet means on the carriage for rotating forline spac' ing purposes a roller platen carried by the carriage. a

Other objects and advantages of the invention will appear from the following' description of a referred embodiment of theinvention shown in the accompanying drawings.

In the drawings, i

Figure 1 is a topplan view ofa known form of typewriting machine equipped with improved line spacing and platen carriage returning means embodying the invention,certain parts of the nia- .chine being omitted and othersflpartly broken OFFICE Figure is a detail sectional view taken on the line 5-5 of Figure 3.

Figure 6 is a view similar to Figure 4, but showing the parts positioned as at the limit of depression of the control key and instant of engagement of the driving and driven elements of the single revolution clutch hereinafter described.

Figure 7 isa seo'tional view on the line'l' -l of Figure 3, showing in its normal disengaged condition the carriage return driving clutch herein-v after described.

Figures 8 and 9 are views similar respectively to Figures 4 and 7, but showing theparts posi and the pawl-carrying arm to constantly tend to rock the pawl downwardly about its pivot into engagement with the toothed periphery of the ratchet wheel adjacent the top of the wheel for turning of said wheel clockwise (as viewed in Figure 2) upon each rearward swinging stroke of the pawl-carrying arm.

The usual selectively-settable regulating means isprovided for varying the extent of line spacing. step rotation of the ratchet wheel by the pawl. This regulating means comprises a line space regula-ting or pawl throw-out arm 25 which is pivoted tioned as at substantially the'end of' the line spacing movement of the paper,'witli the car? riage return clutch in course" (if makir'i'gflfullen-Q gagement.

Figures 10 and 11 are views similar respectively to Figures 4 and 7, but showing'the carriage. re-,

turning clutch in driving action with the single revolution clutch about to be disengaged and the working and return actions of the line spacing means completed. I t

Figure 12 is a. View similar to Figure 5 showing the carriage return clutch in course of being dis engaged following arrest'o'f return travel of the carriage. i i I The drawings illustrate the improvements incorporated-in an otherwise known typewriting machine, namely the Series 1 Super Speed L C Smith typewriting machine.

The machine has a suitable stationary main framework: Ill: upon which the usual platen car'- riage l I is mounted in the usual manner for ad Vance and return horizontal travel longitudinally or: the printing 'lineof'the machine, i. e. transversely of .theinachine; The usual roller platen l2 extends horizontally transversely cf the machine and' is journaled in the carriage as usual to travel withlt'he carriage.

The usual type bar segment l3 suppofts the usual arcuate set or system of upwardly and rear wardly swingabl type bars l4, each type bar hav ing a pivoted connection I5 with the segment and bearing a lower case type l6 and an uppercase type I'L only .two or thetype bars being shown.

The type bars'arelarrangedas usual in the type of machine shown'to print at a fixed common printing pointatta horizontal printing line ex tending transversely of the machine, at which line the paperto be printed is backed by the plateni' i The type bar segment is mounted in the main framework for shifting thereof by suitable means down'and up in' the main framework to condition the machine in the known manner for upper and lower case typing substantially as shown in United States patents to Gabrielson numbered 983,490, 1,018;969, 1,032,131 and 2-,0'28300;

The usualline spacing ratchet wheel 18; coaxial with'the platen, is held to the platen adjaoent one end of the carriage to rotate in unison with-the platen; The usual lin spacing pawl I9 is pivoted at its forward end at ZDto the upper 7 end of the usual upstanding pawl-carrying arm 2| for up anddown rocking .of the pawl about I pivot 20, andthe .arm 2| is pivoted as usual at 22 on the carriageat the lowerend of said arm for fore andaft rocking of said arm. The usual torsion spring 23 is engagedwith the carriage and the pawl carrying arm to normally urge said Y "iisu'al laterally extending stud 21 coactive with the iisual upper arcuate cam edge of arm 25 to each working stroke of the pawl.

at its lower end at 26 on the carriage for rocking a justment fore and aft of the machine. The

pawl is provided in rear of its pivot with the disengage the pawl from the ratchet wheel on pawl to engage and drive the ratchet wheel on the latter will engage with and disengage from the ratchetwheel. Arm 28 is, as usual, resiliently laterall flexible to permit it to be disengaged from any one of the usual three locking notches 3| in the usual handle latching bracket 32 fixed on the carriage.

I The arm 28 inherently tends to snap intoand remain latched in whichever one of the notches 3| it is manually registered with;

Locking of arm-28 in different ones of said notches conditions the line spacing means for driving of the ratchet wheeliby' the pawl through different angles of rotation for'single, double and triple line spacing steps, the throw of the pawl-carrying arm being constant as usual and being determined in the improved machineby' means hereinafter described; The roller platen is provided with the usual finger wheel 12a for manually rotating the platen in both directions.

The usual spring-urged platen detent device is also provided comprising the usual arm 9 pivoted .on the carriage at 8 for up and down rocking,

mechanism (not shown) and, preferably, also under control of the usual tabulating mechanism (not shown);

The present invention is illustrated as em bodied in power means for actuatingthe known' line spacing devices above described and returning the platen'carriage, return movement of the carriagefrom'left to right being limited by the usual frame carried stop 33 and the usual adjustable margin stop 34, the latter stop being, as

usual, adjustable along the usual notched margin.

stop bar 35 fixed on the carriage and being latch= able to said bar in the usual manner at either of a plurality of letter space positions of the carriage. t

l The improvements as shown embodied in the known machine will now, be described.

The usual 1 rier. Also pivoted on pivot A power driven shaft 36, which extends horizontally transversely of the machine in the main framework I adjacent the rear end of the machine, is journaled in said framework at 31 and 38 and is constantly'rotated clockwise (as viewed in Figure 2) by suitable power means while the machine is in use. Preferably, as shown, this constant power drive of shaft 36 is effected by-an electric motor 39 mounted in the framework H), which motor is constantly energized while themachine is in use and has a suitable speed-reducing driving connection 40 between its shaft 39a and the shaft 36. r

A single cycle clutch mechanism of the single revolution type is provided for transmitting power from the shaft 36, said clutch mechanism including a single control key 4| located in th keyboard of the machine, and this clutch mechanism,

which is of a special construction in the machine shown, will now be described;

The driving and driven clutch elements are normally disengaged. i The driving clutch element is a ratchet wheel 42 fixed on shaft 36 to rotate with the latter, and the driven clutch element is a ratchet dog 43 pivoted at 44 on a dog carrier 45. A torsion spring 46 is engaged with said dog and dog carrier to constantly bias the dog to enlug 56 on lever 5| is engaged with a tail portion 6| of clutch dog 43 to hold the nose of said dog out i of engagement with the driving element (ratchet wheel 42) of the clutch.

The control key 4| of the clutch mechanism is positively connected with spring-returned means which is manually operable by depression of the key to effect conjoint rocking of lever 5| and latch arm 5'! about pivot 52 in opposition to spring 53 pinion 41 in apredetermined angularly adjusted position about the axis of said pinion. The dog 43, dog carrier 45, arm 48 and mutilated pinion 41 are thus rotative with shaft 36 when dog 43 is engaged with ratchet wheel 42. A retaining collar 50 is fixed on the hub of pinion 41 and abuts the dog carrier 45.

The driving anddriven elements of the single cycle clutch mechanism are engageable to rotate the dog carrier, and consequently also the mutilated pinion, solely and exactly 360 degrees about the axis of shaft 36 from a normal idle position in which the clutch is releasably disengaged and the dog carrier and mutilated pinion are releasably locked against rotation in both directions about said shaft axis. The control elements of this clutch mechanism will now be described.

A lever 5| is pivoted on a horizontal pivot 52 held to and extending transversely of the main frame In, and said lever is biased by a return spring 53 to move to a normal idle position in which a stop finger 54 on said lever is urged forwardly of the machine against a fixed stop part 55 of the framework Ill. Above its pivot, said lever is provided with a laterally bent lug 56 for intercepting shaft-driven rotation of the dog car- 52 is a latch arm 51 between the free upper end of which and the lug 56 there is normally closely confined the reduced end portion 58 of the dog carrier to latch the latter and the mutilated pinion 41 in normal idle position. A spring 59 is connected to lever 5| and latch arm 51 to bias the latch arm to normal latching position determined by lug 60 which is formed on lever 5| for normal engagement by the latch arm and to limit spring-urged movement of said arm. In the latched normal position of the dog carrier and mutilated pinion, the

to cause engagement of the driving and driven clutch elements. The spring-returned means positively connected with said key will now be described. A key lever 62 has an arm pendent from a fulcrum rod 63, and anormally horizontal arm which extends forward from the pendent arm substantially midway the upper and lower ends of said pendent arm and is provided adjacent its forward end with an upstanding stem portion ronthe upper end.- of which the control key is fixed. The forwardly extending arm of the key lever is guided in one of a plurality of vertical guide slots 64 formed in a straight guide comb 65 which extends horizontally transversely of the machine and is fixed to the framework I0. Depression of the key 4| is limited byengagement of the forwardly extending arm of the lever with the closed lower endof its guide slot. The key and the means positively connected therewith are held in normal idle position by a return spring 66 which is connected with the. framework and the pendent arm of the key lever to yieldingly hold the key 4| in a normal elevated position in whichva pendent stop lug. 61 on the forwardly extendingarm of the lever is pressed forward against a straight return stop device 68 which extends horizontally transversely of the machine 5 The fulcrum rod 63, preferably, is a straight rod which extends horizontally transversely of the machine to the rear of the keyboard, isfixed to framework In, and crosses the slots of astraight horizontal row of vertical guide slots 69 formed in themachine framework, in one of which slots the upper end of the pendent arm of the key lever 62 is pivotally guided. Preferably, the keyv lever 62is located adjacent the right hand side of the machine with key 4| located at the right hand end of the keyboard of the machine. Preferably, the fulcrum rod 63 serves also as the fulcrum rod for, and stop 68 as a return stop for, the type selecting key levers of key-controlled type bar actions for actuating the type bars M by power from shaft 36 in the manner and throughthe means disclosed in the co-pending application for United States patent of Charles Walker, filed November 26, 1942, Serial No. 466,989. Preferably, also, the segment I3 is shiftable for case-changing under control of two temporary shift keys 7|! and a shift lock? key N by means disclosed in our 00- pending application filed February 9, 1943, Serial No. 475,264.- 1

J ournaled in the framework l6 substantially medially of the front and rear ends of the machine is a horizontal rockshaft 12 which extends transversely of the machine. Fixed on this shaft are two pendent rock arms 13 and 14, the arm 13 being substantially in fore and aft alignment with the, pendent arm of key lever 62, and the arm 14 being substantially in fore and aft alignment with lever 5|. A fore-and-aft extending and normally horizontal link 15 connects the lower end of the pendent arm of the key lever with the lower end of rock arm l3. To the lower end of rock arm 14 a fore and aft extending and normally hori zontal tappet bar 16 is pivoted at its forward end for swinging movement in a vertical plane. Tapnot bar 16 is constantly guided intermediate its endsina vertical guide slot H in stop part 55 of framework J8 and is normally held rocked up against the closed upper end of slot 11 by the spring 53 which is anchored to the lever and to the rear end of the tappet bar; The upper edge of tappet bar 16 is cut away to provide a forwardly facing shoulder 18 and a rearwardly facing shoulder it which are so spaced that shoulder 18 always remains forward of slot TI and shoulder I9 always remains rearward of said slot. 'Normally shoulder 19 is located immediately forward of a laterally bent lug 68 formed on lever 5! below the fulcrum of said lever.

When key M is depressed to its limit of downward movement, the tappet bar will be manually I shoved rearward into the position shown in Figure 6 and will, through shoulder 19 and lug 80, rock lever 5| and latch arm 51 conjointly counterclockwise as viewed in Figures 2, 4 and 6, thereby unlocking the dog carrier 45 and releasing the clutch dog 43 for movement of the latter by its biasing spring 46 into engagement with the ratchet wheel 42, thus causing engagement of the clutch as shown in Figure 6.

It will be noted from Figure 6 that the shoulder 19 isstill engaged in front of lug 88 at the limit of depression of the control key. Means, operable by driving of the driven clutch element, are provided for freeing the lug 8i! from shoulder 19 at an intermediate point in the revolution of the driven clutch element to permit spring 53 to restore the lever 5| and latch arm 51 tovnormal position before a single clutch revolution is completed. A locking means carried by the tappet bar 16 is provided which acts automatically, as soon as key is fully depressed to clutch-tripping position, to latch the key lever and tappet bar and the operating train therebetween against return by the spring 66. These means will now be described.

The locking means carried by the tappet bar T slot 1'! about pivot 82. A spring 83 is connected with the tappet bar and latch and normally urges the upstanding nose 85 of this latch up against the closed upper end of slot I1 to maintain the latch in a released position in which a stop lug 84 (bent laterally under the tappet bar adjacent the rear end of the latch) is spaced downward below the lower edge of the tappet bar, asshown in Figures 2, 3 and 4. The nose B5 of the latch normally extends through slot Tl, but at the limit of depression of key 4! said nose is snapped up by spring 83 immediately behind stop part 55 to engage behind said part above slot 11 with lug 84 engaged under the tappet bar, as shown in Figure 6, thereby locking the key in fully depressed position and the tappet bar in fully manually rearwardly projected position as soon as the dog carrier and dog are freed for starting-a cyclic rotation of the clutch,

The means operable from the driven element of the clutch for freeing lug 88 on lever 5| from the thrust action thereon of shoulder 19 on the tappet bar '76 also frees latch 8| from latching engagement with frame part 55. This means will now be described.

An arm 86, which extends rearwardly from shaft 36, has fixed thereto a hub 86a loosely pivoted on said shaft. Said arm is provided at its rear end with a laterally extending pin .81 which is normally engaged over a fore and aft extending stop lug 88 on the framework, said arm being onstantly bi sed by, i nw We h n a further biased by means hereinafter described, to move to a normal position in which pin 81 is seated on the upper edge of said stop lug. A'

segment rack lever 90 is pivoted intermediate its ends on the framework at 89 to rock in the same vertical planeextending fore and aft of the machine in which the mutilated pinion 41 is located, said segment rack lever having a toothed forwardarm and a rear arm whichis formed with aslot 9l radial to the fulcrum of the lever. The pin 8'! is slidably engaged in slot 9! and contacts both longitudinal walls of said slot. The segment rack lever is vibrative about its pivot in the normal stationary position of mutilated pinion 41 without making toothed engagement with the pinion, but the normalstationary position of the rack lever is such that, upon each revolution of the mutilated pinion, said pinion will first mesh with the teethof said rack lever and rock teeth onthe mutilated pinion, and will there 1 1 01 demesh from said rack lever before the pinion completes a single revolution and thus free arm .86 and the rack lever to return under'the influence of the biasing force thereon to their normal idle positions during said ingle revolution of the pinion (as progressively illustrated in Figures 6, 8 andlO).

The hub 86a of arm 86 abuts one face of the mutilated: pinion 41. Between the arm 86 and a collar 92 fixed on shaft 36 there is confined a fore and aft extending lever 93 loosely pivoted on shaft 36. Pivoted to the forward. end of a forwardly extending arm of lever 93 at 94 to rock fore and aft of the machine is an upstanding lever 95 having upper and lower arms' The lower arm of this lever 95 is connected by a spring 96 with apendent arm of lever 93, which spring is stronger than key lever return spring 66 and normally biases a rear arm of lever 93 down against a stop pin or stud 91 on arm 86; Spring 96 also constantly holds the lower arm of lever 85 pressed rearward against the closed rear end of a fore and aft extendingguide slot 98 in a part 99 of framework W. The upstanding lever 95 is formed at its lower end with a laterally bent lug I80 underneath which the shoulder 18 on tappet bar 16 is normally positioned. In the fully depressed position of key M and full rearwardly projected position of the tappet bar 16, in which said key and bar are latched by latch 81, it will be noted from Figure 6 that shoulder 18 is shifted into the position shown in Figure 6. This m-anual rearward movementof the tappet bar causes lever 5|, and latch arm 51 to conjointly rock counterclockwise (as viewed in Figures 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10) to release the clutch dog 43 and its car rier, whereupon dog 43 will be rocked .by its biasing spring 46 into engagement with the driving clutch element 42,- as shown in Figure 6, and the dog carrieranddog will start a driven revolu-. tion about the Shaft axis, in a' clockwise direction ing pawl [9 of, the typewriting machine, which train is so constructed that power transmitted (as the parts are viewed in Figures 2, 4,6, 8 and 10)., This driven movement of the dog and dog carrier imparts a like movement to the mutilated pinion which thereupon meshes with the segmerit rack lever, rocks said lever through a fixed are from its normal idle position, and then demeshes from the rack lever, all before the first revolutionof the driven element of the clutch is completed, and will thereafter remain demeshed from the rackleveruntil the next cycle of operation, of the clutch. l l 1 The fixed extent of driven movement imparted from the driven element of the clutch to rack lever 99 rocks arm 86 upward a fixed extent from normal idle position, and (through pin 91 rocks lever 93 a fixed extent from normal idle position in a direction to depress lever 95 a fixed extent to rock tappet bar 'I-B into the position shown in Figure 10 before the mutilated pinion demeshesfrom segment rack lever 90. As soon as the demeshing occurs the rack lever and the arm 86 return to normal position under the constant from shaft 36 through said clutch imparts a complete paperline (spacing movement to the line space ,pawl during each'cycle of operation .of said clutch, and thatfa complete power-' actuated vibrative, or reciprocativa cycle, of

operation of said pawl and its carrier is effected substantially instantly rduring each cycle, of operation of said cyclic, clutch. l i

There is also providedginthe embodiment of the invention shown, a carriage return driving train between the carriage and shaft 36, which tappet bar immediately in advance of shoulder l8(as shownin Figure 8) and rock thejtappet bar downward about its p votal connection with rock arm M into the positionshowri in- Figure 10, thereby disengaging shoulder19 from mean and lug ornose 85 of latch"8l from frame part 55. When this occurs, the spring '53 instantly restores lever 5| and latch arm 51 totheir normal position to render them effective (asYshown in Figure'lO) to disengage the clutch dog and hold it disengaged and to lock the dog carrierat the endof a 360 degree driven rotation of the latter from its normal idleposition, thereby also locking the mutilated pinionin its normal position afterfa 360 degree rotation thereof. It willbe observed that if lever 93 were formed integrally withor positively held to arm 86; the lever 95 would rise to normal position uponreturn of arm 86 and rack lever 99 to normal position, and that such restoration of 1ever95t'o normal position would first permit spring 53 to rock, the tappet bar l6 upward aboutfitsipivot, thereby permitting the upper edge of the tappet bar between shoulders 18 and 19 to riseagainst lug 89 onlever 5|, and then disengagelug "[09 from shoulder 18, whereupon key lever return thereof.

train does not include the cyclic clutch but includes a special and normallydisengagedrcarriage return driving clutchof the overload release type, the'latter clutch being so connected with the driven element of thecyclic clutch that power transmitted from shaft 36 through the cyclic clutch during each cycle ofoperation of the latter causes an engagingaction of the overload release clutch to occur, A cycle of operation of the cyclic clutch and a resultant cycle of operation of the ,line space pawl and itscarrier are completed substantially instantly, and the paper line spacing stroke of the linespace pawl by its carrier is completed substantially simultaneously with the engagement of the carriage .return clutch. The return movement of the carriage requires a period of time which varies with the required length of return travel of the carriage and, at least inflpractically all cases, requires more time than is consumed ina cycle of operation of 1 the cyclic clutch. ,In the embodiment of the invention shown,;the carriagereturning clutch is 'disengaged when return travel of the carriage is arrested by the stop; means 3334 orotherwise, and'reniains disengaged ;until the ,cyclic clutchis again actuated whether carriage is advanced following arrest or not the The aforesaid actuating train between theline space pawl carrier 2| and the driven element of l the cyclic clutchwill first bede scribed.

' Afrock shaft Hill, which extendshorizontally transversely, of the machine, is journaled at its ends inth e platen carriage, ll atl92-,l92 at opposite ends of the carriageand rearwardof the platen l2, and, has fixedfthe'reto adjacent one end thereof a ,pendent roclslarm ID3. A

fdre' -and-aft extendinglinhl Mi pii oted at its forward endlat N15 to the ,line spaclpawlcarrierr 2| above the pivot, 22 of, the pawlflcarrierfand l isjpivoted at its rearendfliat lllBto' the lbw'erend 93 and95 are maintained in fully actuated position (shown in Figure 10) until disengagement of the carriage return driving clutch hereinafter described, whereupon they are automatically restored to idle position by spring 96 which is arof rack lever=9ll and mutilated pinion 41.

In the embodiment of the invention shown, there is provided an actuating train betweentthe driven element of the normally disengaged cyclic clutch'andthe pawl{carrier 2| for the line-spacof rock arm H33. Tlhe rock shaftilfilllfhas a straight barwor rail lillfixedtheretofalong the forwar edge of said'bar or rail, said rail protruding rearward from said rock ,shaft throughout substantially the entire. lengthof the carriage and formingffin effect, ajre'arwardly, extending rock arm substantially as widejzas the carriage and at least'as-longas, the maximum length 'of travelfofjtne carriage of; the known machine in which the "improvements are, incorporated'. f Anupstanding thruster tappet bar I98, com PiiSiI g an upper section,lfllldanda lowerse'ction 19%, has journaled ,thereonfat its upper fend,1 on a fore and .aft extending pivot llll, an

,anti-frictionroller I09 whichfisalways engaged underthe bar 101,, andslaidthrii'st, bar I08 has itslower end pivotallyheld to arm 86 of the cyclic clutch mechanism by the pin 81 hereinbefore referred to. The lower section: l08b of the thrust e 10 is m ies ease e d ef i diea cause retractive driving of carriage II.

6 slots I I Ithrough which extend clamping screws I I2 threadedinto the upper section I08a of the bar I08, whereby the overall length of the bar maybe varied. The upper section I080. of the 106, thus augment the biasing action on arm 86 afforded by the weight of said arm 86 pf the cyclic clutch mechanism by which said arm and segment rack lever 90 of said clutch mechanism are eachnormally maintained in an idle position determined by the frame stop 08 which is adjustably bendable up and down; These biasing forces afford power to restore the thrust bar, the line space pawl and its pawl carrier, and the operating train above described-between the pawl carrier and thrust bar to a normal idle position of these connected parts which is also determined by the frame stop 08. Since the arm 86 has a fixed throw from its normal idle position imparted to said arm by power from shaft 36, it will be obvious that a fixed throw wil1 likewise be imparted from said arm to the pawl carrier 2| and pawl I9 by power transmitted through the clutch from shaft 36.

The means whereby the platen carriage II is retractively drivable from shaft 36 will now be described. The normally ineffective return driv- 'iiig train between the carriage H and shaft 36 comprises a straight horizontal rack II6 which is fixed to the carriage and extends longitudinally of the carriage transversely of the machine substantially throughout the length of the carriage so as to remain inmesh with a pinion I I! at all times. Pinion I I1 is fixed on the upper end of an upstanding shaft I I8 journaled in framework I0. A beveled gear II9 is fixed on the lower end ofshaft H8 and is in constant mesh with a beveled gear 120. Gear I20 is coaxial with shaft 36 and is drivable by the driven element of the special overload release carriage return driving clutch hereinafter described in a direction to I Shaft IIO-is preferably formed in three sections ,connected by universal joints I 2 I of well known form capableof limited telescopic adjusting motion, the upper and lower sections of the shaft being journaled in the framework I0. This arrangement permits adjustment of either the upper or lower shaft section, or both, as maybe required 'in assembling the carriage driving train.

The special overload release clutch mechanism, whereby gear 120 is connective-with and disconn'ective from shaft 36, is constructed as follows. The driving elementof said clutch consists of a ratchet wheel I22fixed on shaft 36. A plate-like dog carrier I 23 is loosely journaled on the sleevelike hub I26 of a clutch release plate I29,which hub is loose on said shaft 36. Gear I20 is fixed on the hub of said release plate for rotation of said gear and release plate in unison. The parts I20, I23, I24 and I29 are confined between ratchet wheel I22 and acollar I25, both of which latter parts are fixed on shaft 36 with the dog carrier I23 abutting wheel I22 and the hub of gear I20 abutting collar I25, thereby preventing movement of parts I20, I23, I24 and I29 axially of shaft 36. The driven "element of this clutch is a-clutch dog I26 whichisplvoted at I21 on the lease thereof, automatically latched against ensuiiiciently stiff to drive the release platein unison with the dog carrier during engagement of "shaft 36 and ratchet wheel I22.

gagement with the ratchet wheel by automatic latching means. which is releasable by power transmitted to said latching means throughthe cyclic clutch hereinbefore dGSCIibGCttO permit engagement of the dog with the ratchetwheel.

The clutch release plate I29 has its hub I24 loosely journaledon shaft 36 as hereinbefore de-.

scribed and has fixed thereto two diametrically opposed laterally extending pins or. studs I30 and I3I. The pin I30 extends through an arcuate slot I32 in thedog carrier and pin I3I extends through an arcuate slot I33 in said carrier, said slots being concentric with the shaft 36. To assist in maintaining the dog carrier in facew'i'se abutted relation with plate I29,:each of the pins is provided with an annular shoulder I36. The pins I30 and I3I and the slots I32 and I33 permit a limited relative rotation between the release plate and the dog carrier.- A stiff pull spring I34 is connected-with the dog carrier and pin I30 on the release plate I29, and a similar stiff pull spring. I35 is connected with the dog carrier and pin I3I on the release plate, which springs are the return driving clutch but are adapted to momentarily yield slightly in starting of return of the carriage. Said springs normally yieldingly hold the .d'og carrier and release plate in the relatively rotatedcoiidition thereof shown in Figure 5, i. e. yieldingly hold the dog carrier retractively rotated relatively to the release plate to the limit permitted by the pin and slot connections and in a direction opposite to the direc- .the release plate and the. dog carrier, the tail I26a'of the dog I26 is retracted a substantial distanc'eifrom the collar I36 on pin I3I as shown in Figure 5, and the 'nose of the dog is rocked outwardly'entirely clear of the teeth of ratchet wheel I22. A pin I36, which projects laterally from dog I26 adjacent the nose of the dog, extends through a circular hole I39 in the dog carrier and a larger circular hole 139a in the release plate. Holes I39 and I3'9a are of such size and location as to afford :full clearance for pin I38 when the dog I26 is in its fully engagedand fully disengaged positions with :respect to the teeth of wheel I22.

It will be understood, of course, that whenever the carriage II is advanced, in the specific construction shown, the plate I29 and dog carrier I23 are rotated as a unit from the carriage in a direction reverse to the direction of rotation of The limited "relative rotative movement (which occurs automatically wheneverreturn travel of the carriage is arrested) between the release plate and the dog carrier from the relatively rotated condition "thereof shown in Figures 5 and 11 first advances the tail I26a of the dog I26 into contact withthe annular collar 1'I36 of pin I3I, and thereafter causes rocking of the; dog fullyoutof engagement with the ratchet. wheelduring j the final portion of such relativexrotative movement be-.

tween the release plate and dogcarrier, the dog being shown partlyreleased in Figure 12 during such relative movement. Whenever the dog I26 is thus fully disengaged from wheel, I22, it is instantly automatically releasably latched in its fully disengagedposition by the automatic locking means hereinbefore mentioned, which means will now be described A latchingdisk M6 having-a hub MI is normally yieldingly held abutted against the release plate I29 by spring 96 acting on saidldisk through a latch-shifting or latch-releasing means hereinafter described, and. is'also, preferably, yieldingly held against the :release plate byfia spring I42, said disk being located at the opposite face of the release plate from that abutted by the dog carrier. Spring I 42 is coiled about hub I24 and at its opposite ends presses against gear I and key 4|. Depression of key M, at anyadvanced position of the carriage, causes engagement of the drivingand driven elements of the cyclic clutch and latching down of the key as shown in Figure 6 and hereinbefore described. Zihereupon the mutilated pinion meshes with anddrives the seg- I ment racks lever through slightly more than the first half of th ensuing revolution of the cyclic clutch as indicated in Figure 8, thus imparting a predetermined working stroke to the line space pawl carrier, whereupon, as shown in Figure 10, the arm 86, pin 8?, segment rack lever 90, thrust link or tappet bar I68, the line space pawl carrier 2Iand line space pawlv I9 ar all instantly rea flange Mild formed onhubIM of disk I40, as

shown in Figurey3. The latching disk, I46 has a circular periphery, and itshub IIII is axially slidable onthe hub I24 of therelease plate I29land, preferably, also is rotativelyloose on said hub I 24. Inthe normal condition of the parts, the pin I38 on dog I 26 is engaged over the circular periphery of disk. I40 to hold the dog, latched out of enga ement with the ratchet wheel I22. To free dog I26 for engagement with said wheel, thelatch disk I40 and its hub areaxially slidable against the biasing force oi springs96 and I42 by-alatch releasing 1 means, which, is operable by; power transmitted from shaft 36 through the cyclic clutch, which described, I I

A fore and aft extendingllatch shitting lever I43 is pivoted intermediate its ends on a vertical pivot M l held to framework Ill, saidlever havinga circular rear end which engages disk I46 and flange I liltn Awlink I45, which extends transverselypf the machine, iswpivotally con- ,nected atits leffthand end-at I46with the forv pivotally connected at its righthand end at I47 with the lower end 01 the pendentarm of a bellcrank lever I58. The

ward end of lever M3 ,and is bellcrahk lever"lfi8 is vpivoted on the framework ID by afore and aft extending pivotlda and has a second arm which extends normally horizontally toward the right hand side of the machine from the lever pivot I 49. The outer end of this latter arm, ofth bellcrankflever M8 is forked to always engage both over and under a pivot I66 which projects forward from and is "carried by the upper en'd'of thelever 95 of thecyclic clutch mechanism hereinbefore described; Downward movement'of lever 93 during a cycle ofoperation of the cyclic clutchmechanisrn will thus causea jreleasing movement oflatch disk Hill of the carriage return clutch mechanism with resultant engagement of the driving and driven elementsoi the carriage return clutch; I 1 I M I p, Operation q Withlthe platen carriage advanced fromthe return limit determined by the setting Of margin stop34l of th machine a line spacing operation of t line spacing means of themachine and a return of the platen "carriage 'to'said limit may both be eiiected by power upon a mere manual depression of key Al to the limit" of its depression,

and thesepowe'r line-spacing andcarriage-returning operations "will be fuIIy completed releasing means will now be 97. At the end of this predetermined downward stroke of lever 95, the cyclic clutch mechanismis conditioned as in Figure 10, with lever 95 now holding the key 4| still latched down as herein- H before described. This downward strokeofllever 95 pulls the latching disk I40 of the carriage return clutch mechanism toward the right hand side of the machine far enough for pin I38 on the dog I26 of said clutch to movebehind the left hand face of said disk and permit dog I 26 to be rocked by its spring I23 into engagement with ratchet wheel I22, thus. effecting engagement of the carriage returning clutch. Pin I38 will prevent return of latching disk I 36 until the dog I26 is again disengaged fromratchet wheel I22 so that, therefore, lever 95 and lever 93 will remain in the position shown in Figure 10, and the key All and tappet bar I6 will also remain in the position shown in Figure 10, until dog I26 is again disengaged from wheel I22.

Upon engagement of dog I 26 with ratchet wheel I22, the dog carrier I 23 starts revolving withshaft' 36 and, through the comparatively stiff springs I34 and I35, drives the releas plate I29 and its hub I24 and the driving train I26-I Iii- II 8I I'i-I I6 in a direction to return the carriage II toward the right hand side of the machine. The springs I34and I35 may momentarily yield slightlyupon engagement of said dog and ratchet, wheel to cushion the shock-of starting :the carriage on its return travel.

Upon arrestof return travel of the carriage, rotation of parts Ill, H3, H9, I26,I24 and plate I29 also stops, but the ratchet i22 will continue I to drive dog I26 and the dog carrier I23 relatively to plate I29 until the springs I34 and I35 are stressed toward the extension limit permitted by slots I32 and I33 and studs I30 and I3I, which relative movement of the dog carrier with respect, to the arrested'releas plate causes the tail I 26a of dog I26 to first engage the annular shoulder I 36 of stud I3I, as shown in Figure 12, and thereafter rock the do fully out of engagement with ratchet wheel I22 before said relative movement of the dog carrier stops. This clutch releasing or disengaging rocking of 1 the dog I26- carries pin I38 on the dog out far enough to permit the latching disk I data be snapp'edby springs 96 and I42 under said pin to thus relockthe carriage return clutchin released condition and,

also, permits the springs 36 andl42 to restore whether' or notthe' typist'releasespressure on the is levers and 193 to their normal position" Restoration of lever 95 to normal position releases the tappetbar H and key M for restoration to normal position by the key lever return spring 56, as hereinbeiore described. Upon disengagement and re-latching of dog 126, the springs Kid and I35wil1 reversely rotate the dog carrier I23 relatively to plate 129 into the normal position shown in Figures 5 and '7 With the carriage returned to the limit determined by stops 33 and 34, one or more additional line spacing operations may be effected by one or more depressions of key 4!. Each such key depression will actuate the line spacing means through the cyclic clutch. On each such additional cycle of operation of the cyclic clutch the carriage return clutch will momentarily engage and will then automatically disengage and be latched in disengaged position, without an injurious strain being imposed upon any part of the mechanism. I

If the typist should maintain pressure on key 4| until after lever 95 returns to normal position, no repeat cycle of. operation of the cyclic clutch will occur, as will be obvious from the description of the cyclic clutch mechanism.

In the construction shown, the stop finger-6'7 It will be observed that the construction described provides for a 'full predetermined working stroke of the line space pawl l9 during the first half (or slightly more) of each revolution of the driven element of the single-revolution clutch and for return of said pawl during the remainder of the revolution of said clutch element. This permits more rapidly successive operations of the line spacing mechanism than would be possible if the line space pawl could not start its return movement until after disengagement of the single-revolution clutch. The described arrangement also provides means readily constructible and adjustable to impart just the desired working throw to the pawl and then return it to idle position, avoids difiiculties inherent in attempt ing to control the extent of pawl throw by duration of clutch engagement and permits use of a positive clutch for transmitting power from the power shaft to actuate the pawl. v

It will be observed that the motor 39 drives the power shaft 36 through a speed reduction gear.- ing. The usual small motor rotates at a high speed and said reduction gearing is not intended to reduce the motor speed too greatly, but merely to a convenient still high speed, for exampla'a shaft speed in the neighborhood of 400 R. P. M. will be found suitable for driving the line space mechanism and carriage return mechanism.

We claim:

1. In a printing machine of the class described having a main frame, a paper-carrying carriage mounted for reciprocative travel relatively tothe main frame, and line spacing means on the car.- riage actuative upon each operation of said means to impart a selected line spacing movement to paper carried by the'carriage, the combination with said frame andcarriage and line spacing fixable to the machine frame in required position for proper location of pinion Ill and gear H9.

means of an operation-initiating control device, a shaft journaled in the frame, fpower means for constantly rotating said shaft in one direction while the machine is, :in use, .means "constantly biased to couple the carriage to said shaft for driving of the carriage in one direction of its reciprocative travel-and responsive to arrest of travel of the carriage in said idirectionto. uncouple the carriage from said shaft, locking means constantly biased to automatically lock said coupling and uncoupling means against a re-coupling 'action thereof upon each uncoupling action thereof, and means rtem-mrarily connective with said shaft by each operation-initiating actuation of said control device to ,efiect concomitantly by p wer from said shafta single operation :only .of the line spacing means and a single unlocking operation only of said locking means.

2. In a printing machineof the class described having a main frame, a paper carrying carriage mounted for reciprocative travel relatively to the main frame, and means on the carriage actuative upon each operation of said means to impart a selected line spacing movement to paper carried by the carriage, the combination with said frame and carriage andline spacing means of an operation-initiating control device, a shaft journaled in the frame, power means for cone stantly rotating said shaft in one direction while the machine is in use, means constantly biased to couple the carriage to said shaft for driving of the carriage in one direction of its reciprocative travel and responsive to arrest of travel of thereof upon each uncoupling action thereof,

means temporarily connective with said shaft by each operation-initiating actuationof said control device to efiect a single operation only of the line spacing means and a singleunlocking operation only of said locking means, means constant ly biasing the control device to move to a normal idle position, and means controlled by the unlocking and locking operations of saidlocking means for respectively locking said control device in 5. tuated position and releasing said device for restoration to its normal idle position.

3. In a printing machine of the class'descri-bed, in "combination, a main frame, a paper-carrying carriage mounted for reciprocative travel relati-vely to the main frame, means on the fi rriage intermittently operable to line space paper car-' ried by the carriage, an over-load disconnective clutch having normally disconnecteddriyingYand driven elements, means connecting the carriage with the driven element-of said clutch fordriving of the carriage in on direction of thel car- .riage travel while the elements of said clutch are connected, stop means for arresting travel of the carriage in said one direction, a single-revolution clutch having normally disconnected driving and.

driven elements, means control-led by each revolution of the driven element of the singlerevolution clutch for concomitantly imparting a single operation only to said 'line spacing means and effecting driving engagement of the driving andv driven elements of the overload disconnective clutch, power means for constantly rotating thedriving elements of said clutches whi1e the machine in use. and control means for driving engagement of the driving and driven,

elements of the single-revolution clutch.

use,.means operable to connect the driving and driven elements of the second clutch for rota- 4. In a printing machine. of; the class described,

in cornbinatiomamain frame, a platen carriage advanceable and retractible. longitudinallyof the journaled in the carriage, a linespace ratchet printing: line of the machine, a rotary platen,

wheel rotative with the platen, a line space pawl ment of the carriage,an oppositely .shiftable actuator on the'main frame? biased to move in one direction to a .normal. idle. position, means for transitorily connecting .saidl'actuator with said shaft fora movement of fixed amplitudefromits idleposition inopposition to its bias, a constant-1 ly maintainedactuating train between said actuator and line space pawl :for imparting a ratchet wheeldriving strokewto said pawl upon each such movement of 1 the actuator from idle position and for imparting an idle return stroke to said pawl upon .returnmovement of the actuator, and means responsivetoeach such movement of said actuator from'dts'idle position to effect engagement of said clutch and responsive to arrest of retractive travel of the carriageto effect disengagement of the clutch and maintain said clutch disengaged until said actuator is again moved from idle position.

5. .In a typewriting, recording calculating, or like printing machine, having an advanceable and returnable paper-carrying carriageiand means .on the carriagefor line spacingpaper carried by the carriage; the combination of a power driven shaft which is constantly rotatively driven while themachine isinuse, a single-revolution clutch for transmitting powerfromsaid shaft, means manually t shiftable to initiate a Dower transmitting operation of said single-revolution clutch, a'secondclutch for couplingthecarriage tion of the driven elementthrough afixed angle only and to thereupon automatically disconnect:

said elements, means manually operable to initiate an operation of the last-mentioned means, means, operable from the driven element of said second clutch to actuate the line spacing means onceonly during each rotation of said element through said fixed angle, and means rendered ef-. fective by rotation of the driven element of said second clutch to connect the, driving and driven elements of the first clutch and rendered effective] by retraction of the carriage to the limit deter:- mined by said stop means, to disconnect said ele-.

ments andmaintain them disconnected until i the next ensuing rotation ofthe driven element. ot the second clutch. i y

"2. In aftypewriting, recording calculating,,or likeprinting machine, having a paper-carrying carriage advanceable and retractible to traverse paper longitudinally of the. printing line ofthe machine, line spacing means. carried by the carriage and operable to move carriage-carriedpa:

elements of said-clutch are connected, a second 1 clutch mounted in the frame having normally disconnected driving and driven elements, power means for constantly rotating the driving elements of said clutches whilethe machine is in i use, means operable to connect the driving and ually operable to initiate an operation of the lastof the machine with said shaft for return driving of the carriage, means controlled from said shaft through the single-revolution clutch to render the secondclutch effective and controlled from said shaft independently of the first clutch to render the second clutch ineffective until the next ensuing power-transmitting operation of the single-revolution clutch, and means operable from said shaft through said single-revolution clutch to actuate the line spacing means once bination. of aclutch: mounted in the frame of the machine having normally disconnecteddriving and driven, elements, means connecting the driven element of. said clutch with the carriage for retractive drivingfof the carriage while the elements of said clutch are engaged, a second clutch mounted. in the frame having normally disconnected driving and driven elements, power means for constantly rotating tlriedrivin'g elements of said clutches while the machine 'is 1n mentioned means, means 1 operable from, the driven element of said, second clutchto actuate the line spacing means once only. during. each rotation of said element throughsaid fixed angle,

means rendered effective byrotation ofthe driven element of said second clutch to connectthe driving and driven elements ofethe, first clutch andrendered effectivevby retraction of the car riage to' the limit determined by said stop means to disconnect said. elements'andmaintain them i disconnected until thenext ensuing rotation. of the driven element of the second clutch, and means automatically enabled to prevent removement of said control device following an opera tion initiating manual movementof said device and automatically disabled upon disconnection of the elements of the first clutch. i i

8. In a typewriting, recordingcalculating or like printing machine, having-a paper carrymg carriage advance'able and retractible to traverse paper longitudinally of: the printing line: of the machine, line. spacing means carried by the, carriage and operable to movecarriage-carried paper across said printing line,.:and stopmeansfor ar resting retraction of the carriage, thecombinaticn of a clutch mounted in the frame of the machine having normally disconnected. driving and drivenelements, means connecting thedriven element of said clutch with the carriagefor retractive driving of the carriage while the elements ofasaid clutch are engaged, a second clutch mounted in the frame having normally disconnected driving and'driven elements, power means for constantly rotating- "the driving elements of said clutches while the machine is use, means operable to connect the driving and driven elements of the second clutch for rotation of the means once only during each rotation of said element through said fixed angle, means rendered eife'ctive by rotation of the driven element of said second clutch to connect the driving and driven elements of the first clutch and rendered effective by retraction of the carriage to the'limit determined by said carriage stop means to disconnect said elements and maintain them disconnected until the next ensuingrotation of the driven element of the second clutch, and blocking means for automatically blocking a repeat of an operation-initiating operation -of said manually operable control device until the driving and driven-elements of the first clutch are disconnected'. i i

ii. In a printing machine of the kind set forth, in combination, meansfc-r effecting relative line spacing step movementsbetween paper to be printed and the printing means of the machine ment for a single actuation of said first means by power from said element, a second clutch for connecting the second means with said rotary element for driving said second means in one direction longitudinally of the printing line of 1 1; a printing machine of the kind set forth having printing means for printing one character at a time on paper at a printing line of the malongitudinally of said line-for letter spacing, and means to effect relative line spacing movements transversely, of said line betweenthe printing chine, a carriage which isadvanced' step by step means and paper to be printed upon at said line,

. ment and-with'the line spacing means for engagethe machine, governing means for said second clutch to disengage the second clutch upon move" ment of ,-'the second means in said one direction to a'selected point and-maintain it disengage-d during" movement or "the second means in the opposite direction, and means controlled by power transmitted fromsaid element through the cyclic clutch to effect engagement of the second clutch.

10. In a printing machine of the kind set forth having printing meansfor printing one character at a time on paper at a printing line of the machine, a carriage-which is advanced step by step longitudinally of said. linefor letter spacing, and means to effect relative linespacing movements transversely of said line between the printing means and paper to'be printed upon at said line, the combination with the carriage and line spacing means of a rotary element which is 'journaled in the machine independently of the carriage and is constantly power'driven'during use of the ma chine, a cyclic clutch connected with said element and with the linespacing means for engagement to transmit power from'said rotary element to and means controlled by arrest of return move- I ment to transmit power from said rotary element to :said line spacing means to actuate the latter once per cycle of operationof the clutch, a spring returned control keyconnected to initiate engagement of the clutch upon depression of said key, means controlled by power transmitted through said clutch to connect the carriage independently .of said clutch with said rotary element for'return {driving of the carriage, means controlled lcy arrest :of' return movement .of the carriage to disable the last-mentioned means until the clutch is again engaged, and meansto automaticaily f block return, of said control key from depressedposition until the carriage return drivins zmeans isdisabled.

12. In a'printing machine of the kind set forth, in combination, a paper carriage advanceable longitudinally of the printing line of the machine forletter spacing paperbeing printed, line spacing meanscn the carriage for linespacingfipaperbei-ng printed, a power shaft which is iournaled in the machine independently of the carriage and is constantly rotated :while the machine is use, a carriage return driving clutch'engageable'to connect the carriage with said shaft, a cyclic clutch engageable to momentarily connect the line spacing means with said shaft for a single disenga ed until ire-engaged through a subsequent operation of the cyclic clutch, and meansmanuallyaoperable to initiate an operation of the cy- Clio clutch.

1-3,. In a printing machineof the kind setforth for printing on paper at a printing line of the machine, in combination, a carriage advanceable and retractible longitudinally of the printing line of the machine for varying the relation between a printing means of the machine and paperto be printed upon at said line, a power shaft which isxjournale'd in the machine independently of the carriage and is constantly rotated while i the machine is in use, a carriage driving clutch engageable to. connect said shaft with the car riag efor return driving of the carriage, means for disengaging said clutch upon return of the carriage to a selected point and for maintaining said clutch disengaged during advance of the carriage from said point, and means transitorily connective with said shaft for actuation by said shaft to cause engagement of said clutch.

:14. In a printing machine of the class set forth for printing on paper at a printing line of the machine, in combination, a carriage which is advanced and retracted longitudinally of the printing line of the machine to vary the relation lonof the machine and paperto be printed upon at said line, a power shaft which is journaled in the machine independently of the carriage and is constantly rotated while the machine is in use, two separate trains of mechanism, two clutches each arranged for transmissionof power from said shaft to a different oneof said separate trains of mechanism, means for engaging a first one of said clutches, the mechanism train activative by said first clutch being connected with the second one of said clutches to cause engagement of the latter upon activation of said train from said shaft by said first clutch, the mechanism train activative by said second clutch being connected to retractively drive said carriage, means for disengaging said first clutch after engagementof said second clutch upon retractive driving of the said second clutch, and means for disengaging carriage to'a selected point and for thereafter maintaining said second clutch disengaged until said first clutch is again engaged. t

15. In a printing machine of the class set forth for printing on paper at a printing line ofthe machine, in combination, a carriage which is advanced and retracted longitudinally of the printing line of the machine to vary the relation longitudinally of said line between a printing means of the machine and paper to be printed upon at said line, a power shaft which is journaled inthe machine independently of the carriage and is constantly rotated while the machine is in use, two separate trains of mechanism, two clutches each arranged for transmission of power from said shaft to a different one of said two separate trains of mechanism, means for engaging a first one of said clutches, themechanism train activative by said first clutch being connected with the second one of said clutches to cause engagement of the latter upon activation of said train from said shaft by said first clutch, the mechanism train activative by said second clutch being connected to retractively drive said carriage, means for disengaging said first clutch after engagement of said second clutch; means for disengaging said second clutch upon retractive driving of the carriage to a selected point and for thereafter maintaining said second clutch disengaged until said first clutch is again engaged, and means,

operable by the mechanism train which is activative by said first clutch, to effect a relative line spacing movement transversely of theprinting line of the machine between said printing meansof the machine and paper to be printed upon.

16. In a printing machine of the kind set forth for printing on paper at a printing line of the machine, in combination, a paper-carrying carriage mounted for advance and retraction thereof longitudinally of the printing line, of the machine, a power shaft which is journaled in the 7 machine independently of the carriage and is constantly rotated While the machine is in use. a

clutch which is constantly biased to couple the carriage and shaft for retractive driving of the carriage and which also is responsive to arrest of such driving of the carriage to uncouplethe carriage and shaft, means which is constantly biased to a normal position in which it prevents coupling action of said clutch following each uncoupling action of said clutch, said meansbeing transitorily connective with said shaft for-movement thereby in opposition to its bias to permit coupling'action of said clutch, and means for establishing a transitory connection of said biased means with saidshaft. d

17. In a printing machine of the kind set forth for printing on paper at a printingline of the machine, in combination, a paper-carrying carriage mounted for advance and retraction thereof longitudinally of the printing line of the machine, a power shaft which' is journaled in the machine independently of the carriage and is constantly rotated while the machine is in use, a clutch which is constantly biased to couple the carriage and shaft for retractive driving of the carriage and which also is responsive to arrest of such driving of the carriage to uncouple the carriage and shaft, means constantly biased tomove to a normal position in which is prevents coupling ac: tion of said clutch following each uncoupling ac--' tion of said clutch, said means being transitorily connective with said shaft for movement thereby in opposition toits bias to permit coupling action I of said clutch, and a key-controlled single-cycle clutch for transitorily connecting said biased means withsaid shaft.

18. In a printing machine of the kind set forth for printing on paper at a printing line of the machine, in combination, a paper-carrying carriage mounted for advance and retraction thereof longitudinally of the printing line of the machine, a power shaft whichis journaled in the machine independentlyof the carriage and is conclutch, asingl-cycle clutch for transitorily connecting said biased means with said shaft, a con trol key which is clepressible to initiate operation of said single-cycle clutch and is biased to return to a normal position, and means for blocking return movement of said key and of said biased means to their respective positions fol: lowing each depression of said keyuntil the ensuing uncoupling action of the first-mentioned clutch.

19. In a printing machine of the class set forth r for printing on paper at a printing line of the machine, the combination of means biased to' move to a normal idle position from which the same is movableto cause a line spacing shift transversely of the printing line between a-printingmeans of the machine and paper to be printed upon by the printing means, a power shaft which, is journaled in the, machine and is constantly rotated while the machine is inuse, a singlerevolution clutch having a driving clutch ele ment constantly connected with said shaft and a driven clutch element normally disengaged from said driving clutch element, control Ineansjfor causing engagement of the drivingand driven clutch elements of said single-revolution clutch, and automatically engageable and disengageable means arranged to move said biased means in opposition to its bias a fixed extent fromnormal' position by power transmitted through said clutch following each engagement of said clutch elements and to thereupon immediately free said paper to be printed upon, a pawl which is normally disengaged from said'wheel and is biased to move to a fixed normal position, a rotary element which is journaled in the machine and is constantly rotated while the machine is in use,

means connective at will with said rotary element for a single rotative movement only thereof of fixed'extent in one direction, and means automatically movable a fixed extent only by each such rotative movement of said connective means to first actuate said pawl a fixed extent in ratchet wheel driving direction and-to thereupon immediately automatically free said pawl for unobstructed biased return movement of said pawl prior to disconnection of said connective means from said rotary element.

21. In a printing machine of the class set forth having printing means for printing upon paper at a fixed printing line of the machine, a platen carriage movable longitudinally of said line, a

I roller platen extending longitudinally of said line and journaled in the carriage for rotation about an axis parallel to said line, and a ratchet wheel rotative with the platen, the combination with said carriage and platen and wheelof a line spacing pawl and actuating means therefor both of which are mounted on the carriage for actuation of said pawl to rotatesaid ratchet wheel and are use, rotative means transitorily connective with, said rotary element for a predetermined angular rotation only of said means by said element, reciprocative driving means for said pawl-actuating means mounted independently of said carriage and constantly connected with the pawl-actuating means and biased to return to a normal idle position, and means for automatically making, during each connection of said transitorily connective means with said rotary-element, a ratchetwheel-rotating pawl-driving connection between said transitorily connective rotative means and said reciprocative driving means throughout a predetermined fixed fraction of the rotative movement of said transitorily connective rotative means by said rotary element and thereupon immediately breaking said pawl-driving connection and maintaining it broken ,until said rotative means is first disconnected from and again connected with said rotary element.

22. In a printing machine of the class set forth having printing means actuative to print on paper at a fixed printing line of the machine, the combination with said printing means of aratchet wheel which is rotative to cause a line spacing shift. transversely of said printing line between said printing means and paper to be printed upon, a pawl which is normally disengaged from said ratchet wheel, a shaft which is journaled in the machine and is constantly rotated while the machine is in use, rotative means transitorily connective with said shaft for rotative driving of aid means through a fixed angle of rotation by the tative to change the relation with respect to the printing line between said printing means and shaft, and-reciprocative actuating means for said pawl biased to return to a normal idle position and arranged to be first moved by said rotative means for a fixed extent in opposition to its bias to actuate said pawl to rotate said ratchet wheel .and thereupon immediately freed from said rotative means for unobstructed biased return move-- ment of said reciprocative means during each period of driving connection of said rotative means with said shaft.

23. In a printing machine of the class set forth having printing means actuative to print on paper at a fixed printing line of the machine, the

combination of a toothed wheel rotative to varythe relation relatively to said line between said printing means and the paper to be printed upon, a reciprocative member engageable with a tooth of said wheel to rotate the wheel upon movement of said member in one direction only, a reciprooative rack which is connected with said member to move the latter in wheel rotating direction, said member and rack beingboth biased to return to a normal idle position, a mutilated pinion rotative to drive said rack a fixed distance from its idle position in a direction to import wheel rotating movement to said member, a power shaft which is constantly rotated while the machine is in use, and a single-revolution clutch mechanism for coupling said mutilated pinion to said shaft for rotation of, the pinion 360 degrees only from a normal idle position in which the pinion.

is demeshed from the rack, said rack and pinion being arranged to mesh once during each rotation of the pinion and to demesh prior to completion of each rotation of the pinion, and said rack and member being movable to normal idle position immediately upon demeshing of the rack and pinion.

24. In a printing machine of the class set forth having printing means actuative to print onpaper at a fixed printing line of the machine, the combination of a power shaft which is constantl rotated while the machine is in use, a reciprocalv rack biased to return to a normal idle position,

line spacing means, including an actuating train reciprocal with the rack, for-varying the relation printing means and paper, a mutilated pinion ro tative to drive said rack in opposition to its bias 9, fixed extent to actuate said line spacing means, a single-revolution clutch mechanism for coupling saidpinion to said shaft for rotation of the pinion a single revolution only from a normal idle position in which the pinion and rack are demeshed, said rack and pinion being arranged to first mesh and thereafter demesh during each rotation of the pinion, and said rack being arranged for return movement toward its idle position immediately upon demeshin ofthe rack andpinion, means variably drivable to change the relation longitudinally of said printing line .between the printing means and paper to be printed, a clutch controlled by driving move,- ment of said rack by said pinion to couple said variably drivable means with said shaft for driving of said means by said shaft, and means for disengaging the last-mentioned clutch and maintaining it disengaged until the next ensuing operation of the single-revolution clutch.

25. A printing machine of the class set forth having, in combination, a main frame, a platen carriage which is advanceable and retractible nected with the carriage for actuation of said means to-retractively drive the carriage, means to arrest retractive driving of the carriage, a shaft journaled in the frame and whichis constantly power rotated while the machine ,is in use, a clutch biased to engage to connectuthe second mentioned means to said-shaft for actuation by the shaft, means controlled by power latching position, a lateral projection on the dog which is normally engaged overthe periphery of the disk for latching'of said dog by the diskout of engagement with the ratchet wheel andwhich is abutted 'by a face of said disk to hold thedisk in unlatching position when the dog, is engaged withsaid wheel, and means transitorily connective withsaid shaft for power movement thereof transmitted through said clutch to disengage said clutch upon arrest of retractive driving of the carriage,a latch biased to normally look said clutch against engagement upon disengagement of the clutch and movable to permit engagement of said clutch, a key-controlledcyclic clutch biased to engage to transmit power fromsaid shaft, means movable by said cyclic clutch throughout engagement of the clutch to first actuate and then release the first-mentioned pawl-actuating means, and means forming a oneway motion transmitting connection between said pawl-actuating means and said latch for moving the latch to permit engagement of the first-mentioned clutch substantially at the end of the ratchet wheel drivin movement of the line space pawl. i

26. A printing machine as claimed in claim 25, having means for inhibiting both restoration of said latch to latching position and re-engagement of said cyclic clutch while the other clutch is engaged.

27. In a printing machine of the class set forth having printing means for printing on paper at a fixed printing line of the machine and a car-- riage which is advanceable and retractible longitudinally of said line for varying the relation longitudinally of said line between said printing means and paper to be printed upon, the combination with said carriage of a shaft journaled in the machine independently of the carriage, Power means for constantly rotating said shaft while the machine is in use, a ratchet wheel fixed to said shaft, 2. dog carrier loose on said shaft, a

dog pivoted on said carrier for movement into i and out of engagement withsaid ratchet wheel and for rotation of the dog and carrier by and about said shaft while the dog is engaged with said ratchet wheel, driving means constantly geared to the carriage and including a rotative element loose on said shaft and connected with said dog carrier for limited relative rotation between said element and dog carrier about the axis of said shaft, a spring connecting the dog and its carrier to bias the dog to engage the ratchet wheel, spring means yieldingly connecting the dog carrier and element for driving of the element by said carrier about said shaft in a direction to retractively drive the carriage during engagement of the dog with the ratchet wheel and which is yieldingly extensible, upon arrest of retractive driving of the carriage to permit limited the ratchet wheel, a latching disk slidable axially of said shaft and biased to move to a normal by theshaft to shift said disk axially of the shaft from its normal position to permit engagement of the dog with the ratchet wheel. g

28; Ina printing machine of the class set forth, in combination, a ratchet,wheel rotative for effecting a line spacing movement between printing means of the machine and paper to be printed upon, a rotatively mounted shaft which is constantly and rapidly rotatively driven while the machine is inuse, a secondratchet wheelfixed on said shaft, a mutilated pinionand a dog carrier loose on said shaft andconnected for rota tion as a unit about the axisof said shaft, a dog mounted on said carrier for movement intoand,

out of engagement with said second ratchet wheel and biased to engage said wheel for driving of the dog carrier and pinion with said shaft, means biased to a normal idle position for effecting disengagement of said dog from said second ratchet wheel and for thereupon holding the dog carrier and pinion against rotation at a fixed rotated position of said carrier and pinion about said shaft with said dog disengaged, a reciprocative rack and a pawl connected and biased for movement thereof to a normal idle position in which said pawl is disengaged from the first-mentioned ratchet wheel and said rack is demeshed from said pinion, said rack being first drivable from its normal position a pre-determined extent by said pinion and then restorable to normal idle position during each revolution of saidpinion from the held position of the pinion, key operated means for moving said biased means to release the dog and dog carrier, and means movable by said rack during dI'iVing of the latter by said pinion to disconnect said key operated means from said biased means prior to completion of a single revolution of the pinion upon each actuation of said key operated means. 1 i

29. In a printing machine of the class set forth having printing means actuative to print on paperat a printing line of the machine, the combination of a toothed wheel rotative to vary the relation with respect to said line between the printing means of the machine-and paper to be printed upon by said means, a reciprocative member coactive with the teeth of said wheel to rotate said wheel one step at a time, a reciprocative rack connected with said member, said fnember and rack beingbiased to-move to a normal idle position in which said member is disengaged from said wheel, a shaft which is journaled in the machine and constantly and rapidly power rotated while themachine is in use, a ratchet wheel fixed on said shaft, a dog carrier and a mutilated pinion loose on said shaft and con nected for rotation as a unit, a dog mounted on the dog carrier for movement into and out of engagement with the ratchet wheel and also,

, biased tofe'ngage said ratchet wheel for rotation the ratchet wheel, means biased to move to a of the dog and its carrier and said pinion as a unit withsaid shaft while the dog is engaged with normal idle position for effecting disengagement of said dog from said ratchet wheel and holding said dog carrier and pinion against rotation at a fixed rotated position of the dog carrier and :14 pinionsabout said shaft with the dog-disengaged "from the 1ratchetwhe'el, said pinion being notmally disenga'ged from sa'id. rack and arranged to, :during each revolution of the pinion, first in'esh with a'ndrdrive said rack a fixed extent and then demesh from and remain demeshedfrom said' r'ack until'the' nex't'revolution of said pinion, key {operated means for moving said biased disengaging and hdldingmeans to release the dog carrier and doggand mean-smovable by the rack during each driving of the latter-by the pinion Ito: disconnect said biased disengaging and holding m'eans from"' the key operated means prior to completion of a-single revolution of the pinion.

3'0.1In a printingmach'ine of the class described, the combination of a toothed wheel rotative to change-the relation with respect to the prin'ting' line of the machine between printing means 'of'the'machine and paper to be printed upon by said means at said line, a rotatively ij'ournaled power sha ftwhich is constantly and rapidly power 'driven whil'ethe in'aehineiis 1in use, a key tripable and normally disengaged singlerevolution positive clutch having driving and driven elements biased to engage and positively engageable for transmitting power from said shaft, oppositely movable wheel actuating means biased to'moveto anormal idle position and movable in opposition toits bias for coaction with the teeth of said "wheel --to rotate the latter, and means forming an automatic make-and break motion transmitting connection between 's'aid 

